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RajaRani Temple

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RajaRani temple is one of the most famous and renowned temple which is located in Bhubaneswar, the capital of Orissa. This temple was built between the 10th and 11th century from the wonderful red and gold sandstone, which is locally known as Rajarani and this is what gives the temple its name of ‘Raja Rani’. This temple is also known as the ‘love temple’ due to the carvings of women and couples in the temple. The temple is an embodiment of architectural stylishness and beauty. The sculptural imagery of the temple is stylish and dynamic. Various postures in the temple portray fascinating images of mundane life like a woman carrying child in the arms, and women appreciating their reflection in the mirrors.

The Raja Rani temple is surrounded by a beautiful garden and is located on open paddy field area. The accentuating miniature replicas of itself decorate the spire, reminiscent of the temples of Khajuraho. It has a square sanctuary and its interior and exterior surfaces are so recessed that it appears circular. The initial duel temples were without the jagamohana as seen in some of the older temples in Bhubaneswar while the later temples had two additional structures namely nata-mandapa which is the festival hall and bhoga-mandapa which is the hall of the offerings.

RajaRani Temple

RajaRani Temple History

  • Bhubaneswar is also known as ‘Temple City’ (as many temples are present in this city). Rajarani Temple was very old temple present since 11th-century. It is also contended that the temple was initially known as Indreswara Temple devoted to the worship of Lord Shiva.
  • Fergusson believed that construction of the temple was begun by around 1105. George Michell believed that the temple was built during the same time as Lingaraja Temple.Rajarani Temple roughly belongs to the same period as the Jagannath Temple at Puri.
  • The architecture of Rajarani Temple is very impressive, it was built on a raised platform with two structures, both structures are equally important. A central shrine called the vimana with a bada over its roof rising to a height of 18 m, and a viewing hall called jagamohana with a pyramidal roof present in this temple.
  • The Raja Rani temple has sculptures of ‘Guardians of the Eight Directions’ which project from the base of the temple to eight different directions. Beginning from the left of the entrance to the ‘Deul’ and proceeding in a clockwise direction, they are:
  1. Indra – East, chief of the 33 Vedic nature deities
  2. Agni – Southeast, Vedic God of fire
  3. Yama – South, God of death
  4. Nirriti – Southwest, deity related to suffering
  5. Varuna – West, a Vedic deity of the ocean
  6. Vayu – Northwest, wind God
  7. Kubera – North, lord of wealth, shown here with a wish-fulfilling tree
  8. Ishana – Northeast, a form of Shiva.

Significance of the RajaRani Temple

  • It is adorned from all sides by spires and fine clusters of turrets. The sculpture of the temple is beyond compare and is quite energetic and alive. The colossal spires are of the most innovative ones and incorporated in building this temple. Its spire is decorated with clusters of turrets emerging form the rib of the spire and attracts the attention of the visitors. Porch of the temple is known as Jagamohana. The porch is constructed in the pyramidal structure and it is very plain.
  • There are certain features of the temple which indicates a Saivite origin such as the presence of Saiva doorkeepers: Prachanda and Chanda, Dvarapla with jatamukha, and a garland of skulls reaching up to and a snake. There are three panels on the facade of the main temple showing images of Shiva dancing with his consort Parvathi in the company of attendants playing musical instruments.
  • The temple no longer has an image of the deity in the sanctuary but its strong Saiva associations are testified from the figures of Shiva and his consort Parvati on the platform and Saiva doorkeepers.

RajaRani Temple Timings

This temple remains open all days of the week from 6 AM to 6 PM. The best time to visit the temple is October and March. There is also an entry fee for this temple, Rs. 5 for Indians and Rs. 100 for Foreigners.

Festivals celebrated at the RajaRani Temple 

RajaRani Music Festival: The Rajarani Music Festival held in the beautiful courtyard of the Rajarani Temple in Bhubaneswar is one such occasion to celebrate the richness and originality of Indian classical music. Evening concerts by great maestros of Indian Classical music fill the air with enchanting chimes. The city has a large assemblage of celebrated temples of which the Rajarani Temple is one of the most conspicuous. It’s remarkable for the absence any presiding deity in it. To showcase the glorious tradition of Indian classical music, the Rajarani Music Festival was conceived to be organized by the Department of Tourism in association with organizations like Orissa Sangeet Natak. Musicians from different parts of the country perform during the three-day festival. This festival is held during the month of January. Devotees from different places visit the temple during this period.

How to reach: Road, Rail and Air

By Air: Biju Patnaik Airport around 6 km from the temple. There are different flights moving to Hyderabad, Nagpur, Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai and Varanasi.

By Train: The nearest railhead is Bhubaneswar railway station 6 Km from the temple. The Rajdhani express departs from Delhi one day a week on Friday to Bhubaneswar. The Puri-New Delhi Express is a good train to Delhi. The Coromandel Express is also a good train that is going to Chennai. There are also direct trains to Delhi, Agra, Remuna and Varanasi. The city of Bhubaneswar is on the main Kolkata to Chennai line so all the important train stop here.

By Road:  Bermunda Bus stand in Bhubaneswar is the nearest bus stand. One can also travel from Puri buses to Pipli and then get another bus to Konark.

Hotels in Bhubaneswar: Where to stay

  • Hotel Grand Central: Old Station Road , Bhubaneshwar
  • Hotel Arvind Inn: Plot No-9, Janpath, Bapuji Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751009
  • Ginger Bhubaneswar: Opp Nalco Headquarters, Jaidev Vihar Nayapalli, Bhubaneshwar
  • Hotel Sandys Tower: Plot No. : P-1 & P-1/A, Jaydev Vihar, Bhubaneswar – 751013
  • The Crown: A-1 IRC Village, Nayapalli, Bhubaneshwar
  • Hotel Sishmo: 86/A-1, Gautam Nagar, Bhubaneswar – 751014
  • The New Marrion: 6, Janpath, Bhubaneshwar
  • Hotel Seetal: NH-5, Vani Vihar Square, Bhubaneswar – 751022
  • Hotel Park Resort: 2271 Cuttack Road, Cuttack Puri Road, Bhubaneswar – 751006
  • Pal Heights: Plot No J/7, Jayadev Vihar, Bhubaneswar

Where to eat

Tourists should try the authentic Oriya cuisine. There are varieties of food present for vegetarians as well as non vegetarians.The local specialties that one must relish are Machha Jholo (a fish curry), Gupchup, Cuttack Chaat, Aloo Dum, Dahi Pakhal, Badi Choora, Dalma, Santula and more. The sweets that are offered are Pithas, Kora-Khhaii, Rasabali, Chenna Gaja, Chenna Poda and Rasagola. Abadha or the vegetarian food served in temples is also delicious.

  • Zaika: Ratna Plaza, Lewis Road, Opposite Allahabad Bank, Bhubaneswar
  • Janak Restaurant: Hotel Janapatha, 29 Janpath, Bapujinagar
  • Nandan: Hotel Sishmo, 86/A 1 Gautam Nagar
  • Marrion Hotel: Janpath, Bhubaneswar
  • Chill Ummm: 516/1763/4177 KIIT Road, Patia
  • Sangam: Hotel Sishmo, 86/A 1 Gautam Nagar
  • Golden Bird: Near Federal Bank, 68, Hotel Pushpak, Kalpana Square
  • Hare Krishna Restaurant: Lalchand Market Complex, Janpath, Kharabela Nagar, Bhubaneshwar
  • Vkss Restaurant: VITS Hotel Bhubaneswar, A/19, Cuttack-Puri Road, Near Jatri Niwas
  • Tangerine 9: Master Canteen Area, Kharabela Nagar, Bhubaneswar

Nearby Temples

Bhubaneswar is also known as the city of temples where there are many famous temples around. Bhubaneswar holds the history of 2000 years.

Lingaraj Temple: The Lingaraja temple is said to have been built first by the ruler Yayati Kesari in the 7th century who shifted his capital from Jaipur to Bhubaneshwar. Its spire is around 180 feet tall. There are more than 64 smaller shrines in the sprawling temple complex as well. They are magnificently decorated with sculptures of gods and goddesses, kings and queens, dancing girls, hunters, and musicians. Legend has it that Shiva revealed to Parvati that Bhubaneshwar or Ekamra thirtha was a resort favoured by him over Benares. Only Hindus are allowed to enter the temple complex.  A total of 22 worship services are offered each day. Once a year, an image of Lingaraja is taken to the Jalamandir in the center of the Bindu Sagar lake.

Mukteshwar Temple: Mukteshwar Mandir is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The term ‘Mukteswara’ suggests “Lord who gives freedom through Yoga” and this is a fact. The splendid Torana of the temple, an ornamental arched gateway, is very much reminiscent of the influence of Buddhism in Orissa. Established in the year 950 AD. You will  find ascetics in various mediation poses on the temple, along with figures from Hindu mythology, folk tales from the Panchatantra (five books of animal fables), as well as Jain munis (monks/nuns). The temple stands within an octagonal compound wall that is based on the lines of structures built in the bygone times.

Brahmeshwar Temple: This temple was Constructed in the 9th century, the temple boasts intricate inside both in the interiors as well as exteriors of the temple. The temple was built by King Udyotakesari’s mother Kolavati Devi during the Somavamsi king’s 18th ruling year. The Brahmeswara Temple is highly applauded for its artistic sculptures that can be seen on the temple’s tower and porch. There are quite a number of tantric related images on the western facade. Shiva and other deities are also pictured in their frightening aspects.

Yogini Temple: Hindu mythology says there are 64 yoginis. A  yogini is an attendant of the Great Goddess. The cult is more or less linked to Tamtrik practises. There is a temple in Orissa dedicated to the 64 yoginis. It is made of black chlorite stone, Yogini Temple also known as Chausati Yogini temple (Chausati – 64) or Mahamaya Temple, is one among the four Yogini temples of India and second of its kind in Orissa. Large number of devotees gathered here to worship the Goddesses on a belief of attaining supernatural powers.

Kedar Gouri Temple: Kedargauri Mandir alias Kedar Gauri Temple, devoted to Lord Shiva (Kedareswar) and Goddess Gouri (Kedar Gouri) is one of the ancient temples at Bhubaneswar. Kedargauri Mandir alias Kedar Gauri Temple, devoted to Lord Shiva (Kedareswar) and Goddess Gouri (Kedar Gouri) is one of the ancient temples at Bhubaneswar. Every year during Shital Sasthi festival, Lord Lingaraj (Shiva) is taken from Lingaraj temple in a grand procession to Kedar Gouri temple, where he marries Devi Parvati.

Vaital Deul Temple: Vaital Deul Temple, built during the 8th century, is a Tantric shrine, located near Bindu Sarovara.  The main deity worshipped in the temple is Goddess Chamunda, who is also known as the Tantric form of Goddess Durga. Chamunda Devi is depicted with a dazzling red tongue protruding out and wearing a garland of skulls. Image of Arjuna driving his chariot is also located at the temple. The best time to visit Vaital Deul Temple is during winters from October till March.

Rameshwar Deula: The Rameshwar temple is an ancient temple dating back to the 12th century A.D. Legend goes as when Rama was returning from Lanka after victory over Ravana,Goddess Sita asked to worship Shiva here.So Ramachandra built a Linga for that purpose. Historically the temple dates back to 9th century. There is also an image of the Durga that is worshipped within the sanctum. The vimana or the top portion of the temple is facing east while the detached jagamohana faces west.

Yameshwar Temple: This is a small temple built of soft sandstone. Yameshwar or Jameshwar Temple is a very old temple dedicated to Shiva being worshiped by Yama.It is situated in Bhubaneswar near Bharati Math,in Jameshwar Patna. There is a spacious courtyard with an imposing compound wall surrounding the temple premises. The recessed niches were once built to house the lingas.Different deities guide all the different part of the dhama. In the eight directions eight forms of Durga are installed: Maricika (east), Vimala (west), Ardhasini (north), Kalaratri (south), Bata mangala (southeast), Lambha (northeast), Candarupa (southwest), Sarva mangala (northwest).

Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag – Timings, Significance, and History

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Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag is a Hindu temple in dedication to Lord Shiva in the Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand. It is present in a cave, on the banks of the holy river Alaknanda. The presiding deity, Lord Koteshwar is one of the many avatars of Lord Shiva.

Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag – Facts

Deity Lord Shiva
Location Koteshwar Chopda Road, India, Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand 246171
Best Time to Visit 365 Days
Darshan Timings 6 AM to 12 PM
2 PM to 5 PM
Entry Fees Free
Dress Code Traditional Wear
Festivals Mahashivratri, Once-In-Four-Years procession

Unlike most of the temples in the region, the idols are not brought out frequently or even annually. Devotees take them out in a procession only once in four years. This temple is also among the Char Dham Yatra within Uttarakhand.

This is the holiest pilgrimage tour in India.

What are the timings of Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

Here are the timings of Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag:

TimingsFromTo
Morning6 AM12 PM
Evening2 PM5 PM

What is the significance of Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

The significance of the temple is that the cave of the temple contains ancient and naturally made idols as well as Shiva lingam. It is also the place where Lord Shiva was meditating when Pandavas approached him to ask for the blessing of ‘Mukti‘ after the war of Kurukshetra.

These temples are also a part of the Char Dham Yatra within Uttarakhand.

What is the history of Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

According to the history of the temple, it is present at the place where Lord Shiva meditated on his way to Kedarnath. As per a legend, demon Bhasmasur received a boon from Lord Shiva according to which anyone whose head he would touch would burn to ashes.

Koteshwar Temple History 1
The temple is present at the place where Lord Shiva meditated on his way to Kedarnath

Then, because of his ego, he tried to burn Lord Shiva himself. As a result, Shiva had to keep hiding from place to place until he reached the cave where Koteshwar temple is now present and prayed to Lord Vishnu for help. Hence, Lord Vishnu took the Mohini Avtar and killed the demon Bhasmasur.

Koteshwar Temple History 2
Lord Vishnu took the Mohini Avtar and killed the demon Bhasmasur.

The construction of the temple took place in the 14th century. Then, the construction again took place in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Festivals celebrated at Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag

Some of the festivals celebrated at the temple are:

  • Mahashivratri: This festival is celebrated in the honor of Lord Shiva. Devotees believe that he is the Adi guru who is the source of the Yogi tradition.  It is observed by remembering Shiva and chanting prayers, fasting, doing Yoga, making offerings to the deity, as well as meditating.
  • Once-In-Four-Years procession: The temple takes out a procession of its idols every once in four years, unlike other temples in the region that do so annually.
Koteshwar Temple Festivals
The temple takes out a procession of the idols every once in four years.

How to reach Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

Here’s how to reach the temple:

  • Air: The nearest airport is Jolly Grant Airport in Dehradun (159 km away).
  • Train: The nearest railway stations are Dehradun (183 km away) and Rishikesh (142 km away).
  • Road: One can hire a taxi from Rudraprayag to Koteshwar temple which is just 3 km away.

Where to stay near Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

Some of the places where one can stay near the temple while undertaking the Char Dham Yatra are:

  • Shivalik Valley Resorts: This budget accommodation offers free internet access to its patrons. This resort in Rudraprayag accommodates room which are well-equipped with basic amenities like television, safe, room heater and an attached bathroom with a hot and cold water facility.
  • Hotel Mandakini:  There are 24 rooms spread over 2 floors in this hotel in Rudraprayag. Room amenities include a tea/coffee maker, balcony, air-conditioner, television, bottled/drinking water, attached bathroom with hot and cold running water supply as well as a wardrobe.
  • Hotel Snow View: The hotel has facilities like round the clock front desk, laundry services, and luggage storage space, parking area, medical services, and full power back up.

Please carry valid ID proof such as Aadhar Card. It is needed at the time of booking of the rooms

What are some temples near Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag?

Some of the temples near Koteshwar Temple Rudraprayag are:

  • Tungnath Temple: It is one of the Panch Kedar temples of Lord Shiva and comes second if one follows the order. Also, it is the highest Shiva temple in the world. Tungnath is at the top of the ridge which divides the waters of rivers Mandakini and Alaknanda.
  • Adi Badri: It is the second among the ‘Sapt Badri‘ temples which are a group of seven holy shrines in honor of Lord Vishnu. All the Badri temples are present in Badri-Kshetra. Whenever Badrinath temple remains closed due to extremities in weather, devotees worship Lord Vishnu in Adi Badri temple.
  • Vishwanath Temple, Guptkashi: It is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The presiding deity of the temple is Lord Vishwanath, which means ‘Lord of the Universe‘. Moreover, the architecture of the temple resembles the popular Kashi Vishwanath Temple in Varanasi. It is present at the place where Shiva proposed to Parvati for marriage. However, the wedding ceremony took place at Triyuginarayan Temple.
  • Triyuginarayan Temple: This temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu. The word ‘tri‘ means ‘Three‘, ‘Yug‘ means ‘a period of time‘, and ‘Narayan‘ is a name for Lord Vishnu. Devotees offer wood to the fireplace of the temple since three Yugas. Moreover, the temple is 3.1 miles away from Sonprayag, which is the confluence of river Mandakini and Songanga.
  • Dhari Devi Temple: The temple is for Goddess Dhari and contains the upper half of the idol of the goddess, while the lower half is present in Kalimath. In Kalimath, devotees worship her as a form of  Kali Mata. Moreover, devotees believe that Goddess Dhari protects the Char Dhams of Uttarakhand and is the guardian of the region.
Koteshwar Temple Nearby

Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple Guide – Timings, Poojas, and History

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Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple is located in Kollam district of Kerala. Kottarakkara Ganapathy is often referred to as ‘Vigneshwaran’ which means the one who removes all obstacles. The outlook of  Sri Ganesha is described as yellow-skinned, short with a big round belly, elephant-headed with one trunk, four arms, large ears and bright shining eyes. Apart from the presiding deity, Lord Shiva, Goddess Parvathi, Lord Murugan, Lord Ayyappa, and Lord Nagaraja are also worshipped here.

Kottaram means Palace and Kara means Land. The last queen of the Elayidathu Swaroopam voluntarily surrendered to king Marthanda Varma of Travancore in the 18th century. Kottarakara is the place where the classical art form of Kathakali was conceived. It is a famous pilgrim centre for the Hindus as the seat of the famous Ganapathy Temple.

History and Legend of Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple

  • The place that we now call Mahaganapathy temple is actually Kizhakkekara Shiva temple.  The main deity is none other than Lord Shiva himself. Shiva is facing eastward. In fact, Ganesha is only a minor deity here. But Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple today is famous as a Ganesha temple rather than a Shiva temple.
  • This legend is associated with Perumthachan. The royal sculptors Perumthachan (Master Carpenter) had a son. He mastered and excelled in carpentry and architecture like his father.
  • His son soon excelled his own perfection. The fame of Perumthachan soon spread far and wide. This is said to have caused a sort of professional jealousy in Perumthachan. According to the Aithihyamala, Perumthachan dropped his chisel on his own son faking it as an accident.
  • After the death of his son, Perumthachan started wandering. One day he reached Kottarakkara. The Padinjattinkara temple was under renovation at that time. He saw a big piece of jack tree root inside the Sarppakkavu.
  • It is believed that he sculptured a beautiful Ganapathy idol from the root of the jack tree. Perumthachan had sought the permission of the tantri (chief priest) of Padinajattinkara temple to install the idol there. The tantri denied permission because there is already one Ganapathy idol.
  • Perumthachan changed his plans and later, having secured the permission of the tantri of Manikandeswaram Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple installed the idol there. The melsanthi (head priest) was preparing nivedyam (offerings for the Lord) there.
  • He had asked the head priest what the nivedyam for Ganapathy will be. The priest suggested unniyappam and Perumthachan readily agreed. It is said that Perumthachan immediately offered half a dozen unniyappams in a plantain leaf before the deity. And still, koottappam is considered the favourite nivedyam of Ganapathy.
  • Perumthachan had then predicted that even though the principal deity is the father (Shiva), the son (Ganapathy) will become more famous. The kitchen where Unniappams are prepared is situated in front of the Ganapathy shrine.
  • Another story associated with this temple is that Kottarakkara Thampuran’s daughter was getting married.  He requested Zamorin of Kozhikode to send a dance troupe from Malabar to perform in his daughter’s wedding.  But the Zamorin sarcastically denied sending the troupe saying that people of South Kerala cannot appreciate fine art like Krishnanattam.  This insulted the Kottarakkara Thampuran and he prayed to  Lord Ganapathy at Kizhakkekara for a way out.
  • Sri Mahaganapathy appeared in the dream of the Thampuran and gave him the idea to create a new art form.  It was Saraswathi Kadaksham and the Thampuran wrote the Ramanattam. He designed the costumes and in record time performed the Arangetram during the marriage of his daughter.  This was a fitting reply to the arrogance of the Zamorin of Kozhikode.

Significance of Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple

  • Kottarakkara Sree Maha Ganapathy Temple is beautiful and magnificent. A number of rituals is being done here by the priests. Different schedules are followed to worship and to perform the rituals devoted to the presiding deity of the temple.
  • Kottarakkara was the capital of the famous ‘Ilayidathu swaroopam’. As the name explains, there existed about seven palaces and the place was called ‘The land of palaces’ – “Kottarakkara”. ‘Kottarakkara Kovilakam’ was the younger ‘thavazhy’ of the ‘Venad’ dynasty.
  • So this was known as the Ilayidathu (younger) swaroopam, and also as Kunninmel. The land spreads from Kottarakkara, Pathanapuram and Nedumangad to Shencottah in the east.

Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple Timings and Poojas

  • Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple remains open from 4:00 AM to 11:30 AM in the morning and 5:00 PM to 8:00 PM in the evening. Palliyunathal is performed followed by Nadathurakkal at 4:30 AM. It is the opening of the sanctum sanctorum to enable the devotees to venerate the holy portrait of the deity.
  • Then there is Nirmalyam at 4:40 AM which is intended for seeking the permission of Dwasthhas and the deity for entering the sanctum. Then the doors are opened and the lights are lit.  Divine worship of the idol at this stage is known as Nirmalya Darshana.
  • There are different important rituals that are performed in the morning. It includes Abhishekam that is conducted at 4:50 AM which is followed by Ashtadravya Ganapathyhoman. Abhishekam is conducted by priests, by pouring libations on the deity being worshipped, amidst the chanting of mantras.
  • The first worship of the day is Usha pooja or pooja at dawn. Though generally, the time of Usha pooja is thirty minutes after the sunrise, there are variations in the timings on various temples. It is performed at 6:00 AM. Ethrtiheu pooja is conducted at the moment when the rays of the sun are in front of the deity or garbha dwara and it is conducted at 7:00 AM.
  • Pantheeradi pooja is elaborate in nature and done only in major temples. This is done 2 hours after sunrise and it is performed at 9:00 AM. Navaka Pooja is done only in major temples especially in Siva temples. Here it is performed at 10:00 AM.
  • After the Ucha Pooja that is performed at 10:30 AM the temple closes in the morning at around 11:30 AM.
  • Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple opens again at 5:00 PM and there is an evening pooja that is Deeparadhana that is performed by the priest at 6:30 PM. Deeparadhana is the worship with lamps, performed at dawn and dusk. Pyramidal lamps with seven tiers, lamps with five wicks and plain lamps with a single wick are lightened and waved several times in front of the Lord, from head to foot. Similar waving is then done with lighted camphor. It is considered to be an auspicious act to pray during deeparadhana time. Athazha pooja vis the last pooja conducted in a temple on a day.  This is done between one and two hours after sunset. It is performed at 7:45 PM and the temple finally closes at 8:00 PM.

Dhara, Chathussatham for Mahadev, Archana for Goddess Parvathy, Lemon garland for Subramanya, Unniyappam for Ganapathy and 41 days Mandalam Chirappu is also very important. Unni Appam is the offering that is specially prepared to offer to the deity of Kottarakkara Sree Maha Ganapathy Temple.

Festivals celebrated at Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple

  • Vinayaka Chaturthi: Vinayaka Chaturthi is one of the important Hindu festivals. This day is celebrated as the birthday of Lord Ganesh. Ganesh Chaturthi is celebrated on Shukla Chaturthi of the Hindu month of Bhadra (generally falls between August and September). This particular day is marked with great Mahaganapathy Homam, using 1008 coconuts. Mahaganapathi is believed to remove obstacles not only in the material world but also in one’s spiritual progress. The Mahaganapathi Homam is performed by people desiring progress in various material pursuits as well as those seeking liberation and spiritual awakening.
  • Navaratri: Navratri is traditionally celebrated at the beginning of autumn every year when everything in nature starts undergoing a transformation. These nine nights are said to be precious as there are subtle energies in the creation that are enriched at this time of the year. Navaratri is divided into sets of three days to adore different aspects of the supreme goddess. On the first three days, the Mother is invoked as a powerful force called Durga in order to destroy all our impurities, vices and defects. The next three days, the Mother is adored as a giver of spiritual wealth, Lakshmi, who is considered to have the power of bestowing on her devotees the inexhaustible wealth. The final set of three days is spent in worshipping the mother as the goddess of wisdom, Saraswati. Thousands throng to the temple to perform the Vidyarambham.
  • Vishu: Vishu is the first day of the Hindu calendar and is the beginning of Meda Rashi, the first zodiac sign. It usually falls in the second week of April according to the English calendar. It marks the beginning of new hopes and aspirations and is celebrated widely all across the state. People start with early morning prayers at dawn on this auspicious day by visiting the temple.
  • Sivarathri: Sivaratri, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is celebrated on the moonless night of the month of Phalguna.  the night time is considered sacred and suitable for the worship of the feminine aspect of’ the deity and the day time for that of’ the masculine. The people who observe this Sivaratri- Vratha take only a single meal during the day previous to the Vratha day. The observance of the Vratha is believed to secure for the devotee immunity from the effects of sin.

How to reach Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple?

By Road: Buses and Taxis can be boarded from Kottarakkara, Kollam, Trivandrum and Kottayam that takes the passengers directly to the Kottarakkara Sree Maha Ganapathy Temple.

By Rail: The Nearest Railway station is Kottarakkara station. Board a train passing through Kottarakkara, Kollam and Trivandrum railway stations to reach the temple. Kollam station is at a distance of  28 Km and Trivandrum at a distance of 70 Km.

By Air: The Nearest Airport is Trivandrum Airport that is 70 Km from the temple. Kochi Airport is at a distance of 191 Km.

Where to stay near Kottarakkara Ganapathy Temple?

There are many hotels as well as guest rooms near the hotel. The rooms are well equipped with all the basic amenities.

  • Ambalakkara Regency Hotel Contact: Pulamon Junction, Kottarakkara
  • Harisree Residency Contact: Kottiyam Kundara Road, Perumpuzha, Kottamkara
  • Hotel Indraprastha Pattazhy Contact: Market Junction, Pattazhy P.O., Kollam
  • Hotel Midhuna International Contact: Enathu, Kottarakara – Adoor Road
  • Park Residency Contact: Paracode, Kayamkulam Pathanapuram Highway
  • Hotel Vrindhavanam Inn Contact: Near KSRTC Bus Station, Punalur

Where to eat

Kottarakkara Unniyappam (small appam) is as famous as Ambalapuzha Palpayasam. If you start eating one, you feel like having more. Cooked in special taste the unniyappam comes with sprinkled sugar on it. The grace of Lord Ganapathi makes unniyappam as double sweet to the believers. It is said that unniyappam was the first offering given to the Ganapati temple which was installed by Peruthachan. Besides, there are many restaurants nearby that offer amazing food of Kerala cuisine.

Nearby Temples

Mannady Temple: Mannadi is a small village situated in Kollam (district of Kerala). It is believed that the Kali Ma of this temple is very powerful and if worshipped with devotion all the wishes will come true. The Kerala Institute of Folklore and Folk Arts functions here. Madanthampuran and Yakshiamma were positioned as Safe Guard to Devi. The ancestors who had brought Devi to the temple were worshipped in the Nomenclatures of Manthramoorthy and Yogeeshwaran after their Death. Poojas were not been performed systematically. Hence, the youth adopted the management of the temple from the Pallithanam Family. They appointed a Priest and thus Poojas performed regularly.  

Pattazhy Devi Temple: Pattazhi is a small village in the eastern part of Kollam District in Kerala. It is located just 10 kilometres away from Kottarackara and just 9 kilometres from Pathanapuram. The temple is an ancient temple and the legend. The land of Pattazhy consists of two panchayat areas and was given as a gift to Goddess Pattazhy Devi by the King of Travancore. Pattazhy has a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for growing the longest bamboo. The temple has been taken care of by nine families once. Then a man called “kambithan” came there. He was very powerful and had many divine powers too. He took care of the administration of the temple. There is a Shiva Temple which seems to be older than this Devi temple which is located near to this temple.

Pallickal Devi Temple: Pallickal Devi Temple is one of the famous temples in Kollam District. This is one of the sub-temples of Mannadi temple. Pallikkal Maha Devi temple has a rich history of more than a thousand years. Pallikkalamma is a mother goddess with sathvika bhavam. There are a number of incidents to illustrate her kindness.

Pandalam Ayyappa Temple Guide – Timings, Poojas, and History

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Pandalam Ayyappa Temple is situated in between Thottakkonam and Mulampuzha villages of Pandalam. Pandalam in Kerala is chosen and blessed place where Lord Ayyappa is the presiding deity. The temple is unique with its natural procession route around the Sanctorum. Ayyappa is believed to be the one god who protects his devotees from miseries and suffering in Kali Yuga.

Ayyappa is also known as Dharmasasta, Manikandan, Bhutanathan, Pandala Raja, and Pamba Vaasan. Ayyappa was born with composite energy of Lord Siva and Lord Vishnu when Lord Vishnu was taken over Mohini form. The main intention behind Ayyappa’s birth was to demolish Mahishi who was one of the asura demon.

Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

History and Legend of Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

  • Sabarimala was once under the regime of the Pandalam dynasty. The Pandalam kingdom was established around 79 ME (903 AD) by the Pandalam royal family who is descendant of the Pandya kings of Madurai. Sabarimala Festival Calendar.
  • The family kept on the move for over a century, finally reaching Pandalam in 79 ME. This was chosen to be the permanent home for the royal family. The then ruler of Venad (later Travancore) helped to establish the kingdom at Pandalam.
  • The King of Pandalam helped Marthanda Varma to conquer the Kayamkulam province. In return for this help, Marthanda Varma did not attempt to attack and conquer Pandalam.
  • The Kingdom of Pandalam extended to over 1,000 square miles. Pandalam dynasty helped other religious followers to build a mosque at Kadakkad and a church at Kudassanad. It is also believed that those who settled down in Pandalam had sympathies toward the Buddhist beliefs.
  • 48 major temples were added to Travancore. The idol was erected in 1910. Pandalam Ayyappa Temple conflagrated in 1971 and underwent a major revamp. Pandalam had extended up to Thodupuzha in Idukki district once. Before the formation of the Pathanamthitta district, Pandalam was in Mavelikkara taluk of Alappuzha district.
  • Leela who was the daughter of Galavamuni, under the curse of her husband Dathan, was reborn as Mahishi. She was an “asura’ female with a buffalo’s face. Upon having killed by Lord Ayyappa, the curse was revoked and the beautiful woman rose out of the corpse. She thanked the Lord and prayed to be with him as his wife.
  • However, the Lord told her that he is a ‘Brahmachari’ and so her desire would not be fulfilled. However, he allowed her to remain in Sabarimala, which is a little distant from his abode.

Significance of Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

  • It is believed that Lord Ayyappa himself instructed the Pandalam king to build a mosque for Vavur at Erumuli. The Vavur deity is believed to be as old as the original deity of Ayyappa himself. Records show that the shrine was renovated sometime in 1905. Here, the poojas are conducted by a Muslim priest. There is no distinguishable idol, but a carved stone slab that represents the deity.
  • It is believed that the deity protects the devotees from the evil spirits of the forests. According to legend, Kadutha was a great warrior who helped the Pandalam king defeat the armies of Udayanan and other enemies.

Pandalam Ayyappa Temple Timings

Pandalam Ayyappa Temple opens at 4:00 AM in the morning to 11:00 PM in the evening. But during special events and festivals, the timing for the temple can be exceeded in order to accommodate more number of devotees.

Rules to follow at Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

Women between the ages of 10 and 50 years are not supposed to visit the shrine. The devotees are required to break a coconut at the appointed place before entry to the steps. Consumption of alcohol and non-vegetarian food, Smoking etc are punishable offences.

Festivals celebrated at Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

Makara Vilakku: Makara Vilakkui is the most anticipated festival at the Ayyappa Temple. It takes place at the time when the Dakshinayana Punyakalam ends and Uttarayan or Uttarayana Punyakalam starts. Makaravilakku is the Jyothi that appears at Ponnambalameddu three times on Makar Sankranti day after evening puja. Parashurama first lit the Makaravilakku after installing the murti of Ayyappa. The jewellery to adorn the idol during the celebrations is brought from Pandalam Palace in a ceremonial procession that starts from Valiya Koyikkal Sastha Temple at Pandalam. The poojas and rituals associated with Makara Vilakku are performed on the Manimandapam (sacred platform). Makara Jyothi is the star that appears on the sky during the Puja. Makaravilakku is the Jyothi that appears at Ponnambalameddu three times on Makar Sankranti day after evening pooja.

Onam: Onam is the biggest and the most important festival of the state of Kerala. It is a harvest festival and is celebrated with joy and enthusiasm. The festival is celebrated to welcome King Mahabali, whose spirit is said to visit Kerala at the time of Onam. A large number of devotees gather in the temple to seek the blessings of Lord Ayyappa. Onam is celebrated at the beginning of the month of Chingam, the first month of Malayalam and Hindu Calendar. This corresponds with the month of August-September according to Gregorian Calendar. It is also known as Pookalam. The best part of the festival is the food served on banana leaves. The festivities of the Onam last for ten days in which old and young participate with equal enthusiasm.

Vishu: Vishu Festival heralds the beginning of Malayalees New Year and is celebrated in a big way in the state of Kerala. This corresponds to the month of April-May according to the Gregorian calendar. The occasion holds a lot of significance for Hindus as Vishu marks the Astronomical New Year Day. A most important ritual of the day is called ‘Kani Kanal’.

In Kani Kanal, there is a prescribed list of items, which a person must see first thing on a Vishu morning to bring good luck. This includes a cadjan leaf book, gold ornaments, fresh white cloth, a measure of rice or paddy etc. A huge rush of devotees can be seen in the temple. special prayers are organised to mark the day. People stay overnight in the courtyards of these temples a night before Vishu so that they see Kani, first thing on Vishu in the temple. Devotees close their eyes and set their eyes on Kani and deity so that when the doors to the deity opens at 2:30 am, the first thing they see is Kani.

Poojas and Rituals at Pandalam Ayyappa Temple

  • Vrischikam and part of Dhanu months are considered to be the holy 41 days of Mandalakalam. Special poojas are conducted in the temple especially for Lord Ayyapan. Ayyappan Vilakku is conducted on the first Saturday of Vrischikam. The poojas are conducted in a traditional style without compromise on any of its aspects.
  • Pandalam Ayyappa Temple is opened in the morning and the Lord is awakened from his sleep with the melodious notes. The Lord is adorned with flowers of the previous day. This is known as Nirmalya Darshanam. It is believed that after the night pooja, when the doors are closed, the devas (gods) come and worship the deity. A darshan of the Lord who has just been worshipped by the Devas themselves is considered highly auspicious. Lamps are lit and chiming bells along with spontaneous cries of the devotees.
  • The rite of bathing the deity with oil takes place after removing the adornments of the previous day. After this abhishekam is performed with water. After this, the Prabatha pooja is performed every day.
  • ‘Pantheeradi Pooja’ refers to the time when the shadow of a person with normal height becomes 12 feet long. This is the second main pooja done for the chief deity.
  • Lighting a lamp is a vital part of Hindu pujas, auspicious occasions and social events. It denotes dispelling away the darkness. Deeparadhana is one of the very important poojas that is conducted. The night worship is Athazha pooja and the offering made at that time is athazhanaivedyam.
  • The last pooja offered to lord ayyappa is the Athazhapooja. After cleaning the temple the sanctum is set to put the lord Ayyappa to sleep. All the devotees and sub priests get together in front of the sanctum and sing Harivarasanam.

How to reach: Road, Rail and Air

By Air: Thiruvananthapuram is the nearest airport which is at a distance of about 101 km and Kochi airport is 127 km from Pandalam. One can hire a taxi or board a bus from the airport.

By Train: Chengannur is the nearest railway station that is about 14 km from the temple. Trains are available to all the major Indian cities from the railway station.

By Bus: You can reach Pandalam by bus through MC Road. KSRTC (Kerala State Road Transport Corporation) is conducting the services if you are coming from either Thiruvananthapuram or Kochi airports. Private buses ply to various destinations around Pandalam. The minimum time a bus takes to reach Pandalam from Ernakulam is 3h 18m. The cheapest way to reach Pandalam from Ernakulam takes you 5h 16m, which is to take Malabar Express from Ernakulam to Chengannur then take State Transport Bus from Chengannur to Pandalam.

Where to stay

There are many options available to stay near the Pandalam Mahadeva Temple. There are many well good hotels nearby.

  • Shines Tourist Hotel Contact: Main Central Rd, Pandalam, Kerala
  • Estilo Meadows Contact: Pandalam, Kerala 689501
  • NSS Working Women’s Hostel Contact: Chiramudi, Pandalam, Kerala 689501
  • Hotel Chaithram Contact: Ambalakadvu, Thumpamon – Pariyaram Rd, Thumpamon, Kerala

Where to eat

Kerala food is served on a banana leaf. One has to take food with the right hand. Almost every dish prepared in Kerala has coconut and spices to flavour the local cuisine giving it a sharp pungency that is heightened with the use of tamarind, while coconut gives it its richness. There are many restaurants at Pandalam that offer some amazing food.

  • S N Restaurant Contact: S.N Restaurant, Pandalam, Main Central Rd, Pandalam, Kerala 689501
  • Vazhiyoram KTDC Restaurant Contact: National Highway 220, Pandalam, Kerala 689503
  • Relax Inn A/C Restaurant Contact:  Chengannur, Kerala 689121
  • Nalukettu Contact: Opposite Manikandan Aalthara, Poozhikad Muttar Road, Pandalam, Kerala 689501

 Nearby Temples

Pandalam Mahadeva Temple: Pandalam Mahadeva temple is positioned on the banks of river Achankovil in Pandalam in the state of Kerala. It is believed that Lord Parasurama has installed the idol in the sanctum. Pandalam Mahadeva Temple is one of the oldest temples out of the 108 Shiva temples consecrated by the great ‘Sanayasin Khara Muni’. Yearly Kettukazhcha festival is one of the attractions for tourists. The temple is unique with its natural procession route around the Sanctorum.

Pandalam Valiya Koyikkal Dharmasastha Temple: The temple has great importance for the inhabitants of monkeys. The presiding deity of the temple is Shri Dharma Sastha. Ayyappan is an avatar or incarnation of Sastha. There are references to Sastha in many of the Puranas. The presiding deity of the temple is Sree Dharma Sastha, accompanied by his consort ‘Prabha’ and son ‘Sathyaka’. The history of the temple was based on the period of the Ramayana.  It is believed that after the victory over Ravana, Sri Rama came along with his wife Sita, brother Lakshmana and whole vanara (monkey) sena has visited  Sasthamcotta to pay their reverence to Sri Dharma Sastha.

Padanilam Temple: Nooranad Padanilam Temple is located in Alappuzha district and is around 18 km from Kayamkulam. The word Padanilam means “land of war” . It is located on the banks of river Achankovil. The Padanilam temple is one of the important centres of worship in Kerala. The presiding deity of the temple is Lord Parabrahma. Shivaratri is the main festival in the temple. Thousands come to the temple on that day to see the kavadiyattam for Lord Subrahmanyan in the morning. Padanilam Temple and its surroundings witnessed many historical wars. Once there was a war between the south and the north. During the war, soldiers from both sides died in large numbers. They were buried in the chira near the temple.

Oripurathu Bhagavathi Temple: Orippurathu Bhagavathy Kshetram Mandir or temple is devoted to its main holy deity goddess Devi. This ancient temple is frequented by thousands of devotees of Goddess every year. The temple has a history of more than one thousands of years. It is said that the temple was constructed during the 17th century. The annual festival of the temple had been started during the 18th of century. However, the supreme deity of the temple is goddess Bhagavathy yet some other important god and goddess are also worshipped here such as Lord Ayyappan, Yakshi, Lord Krishna, Nagarajavu and Madasamy. The sacred temple is not only famous for its religious significance but also for its amazing architecture that shows the unique architecture of Indian style. In the main sanctum sanctorum, devotees can see two sacred idols which are made of important Krishna Sila.  

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Guide – Timings, Dress Code, and History

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Madurai Meenakshi Temple is located on the banks of the legendary River Vaigai in Tamil Nadu. The presiding deity of the Temple is Goddess Meenakshi (Goddess Parvati) and her consort Lord Sundareshwara (Lord Shiva). Initially, Lord Sundareshwara was worshiped as the primary deity. However, in time, the importance shifted to worshiping Meenakshi as the primary deity.

Such is the love and devotion of people towards the Goddess that no one who visits the city even thinks about leaving it without seeking her blessings.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Fascinating Tour

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Facts-

DeityGoddess Meenakshi (Goddess Parvati)
Location Madurai City, Tamil Nadu
Darshan Timings 5:00 AM to 12:30 PM || 4:00 PM to 9:30 PM
Entry Fee General Darshan: Free.
SignificanceOne of the oldest and the largest temples of India
ArchitectureDravidian style
Dress Code Traditional wear
Best Time to Visit September to February
PhotographyNot Allowed
Parking Free
FestivalsAvanimoola festival, Masi Mandala festival, Chitra festival, Navarathri cultural festival and Float festival

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Timings

Darshan ScheduleTimings
Morning Timings5:00 AM to 12:30 PM
Evening Timings4:00 PM to 9:30 PM
  • The devotees can choose to have a free darshan or a paid darshan depending on the crowd. Special darshan tickets are available at Rupees Fifty and Rupees Hundred.
  • Persons with disabilities and their one companion will be allowed to have darshan through a special entrance.
Puja and Rituals of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
Devotees and Priest praying in Madurai Meenakshi Temple

Timings of Daily Poojas and Rituals of Madurai Meenakshi Temple

Poojas and Rituals Timings
Thiruvanandal Pooja 05:00 AM – 06:00 AM
Vizha Pooja 06:30 AM – 07: 15 AM
Kalasandhi Pooja 06:30 AM – 07: 15 AM
Thrikalasandhi Pooja 10:30 AM – 11:15 AM
Uchikkala Pooja (Noon Pooja) 10:30 AM – 11:15 AM
Maalai Pooja 04:30 PM – 05:15 PM
Ardhajama Pooja (Night Pooja) 07:30 PM – 08:15 PM
Palliarai Pooja 09:30 PM – 10:00 PM

Details of different Poojas and Rituals of Madurai Meenakshi Temple

  • The daily ritual of worship includes Pooja eight times a day. Each Pooja consists of Abhishekam of the deities, Alangaram (decoration with ornaments), Naivedyam (offering of food) and Deepa Aradanai (Aarti with lamps).
  • Thiruvanandal Pooja – This is the first Pooja of the day and begins at 5 AM. The deities are bathed as per ritual and then dressed up in decorative ornaments. The morning Aarti is performed.
  • Vizha Pooja and the Kalasandhi Pooja – These Poojas comprising of Abhishekam and Aarti takes place between 6:30 AM to 7:15 AM.
  • Thrikalasandhi Pooja and the Uchikkala Pooja – These Poojas begin at 10:30 AM and continue till 11:15 AM.
  • Maalai Pooja (Evening Aarti) – This ritual can be observed between 4:30 PM till 5:15 PM.
  • Ardhajama Pooja – The night Aarti takes place at 7:30 PM and the Naivedyam ends at 8:15 PM.
  • Palliarai Pooja – The last Pooja of the day starts at 9:15 PM. This is a special Pooja where the idol of Lord Shiva is taken around in a palanquin to the sanctum of Goddess Meenakshi and both are put to rest for the day.
  • Annadanam – The Madurai Meenakshi Temple authorities allow Annadanam to be conducted on request of the devotees at the rate of Rupees Four Thousand per two hundred persons.

Madurai Meenakshi  Temple Dress Code

Men and women with exposed shoulders and legs are not allowed to enter the Madurai Meenakshi Temple premises. The main sanctums of Goddess Meenakshi and Lord Sundareshwara are open to only Hindus. However, visitors can view the Mandapams and the other architectural features of the Temple.

Significance of Madurai Meenakshi Temple

Signification of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
The unique silver sculpture of Lord Natraja and the divine Lotus Pond of Madurai Meenakshi Temple.

The idol of Shri Meenakshi Amman is made of greenish-black stone. The Linga of Lord Sundareshwara is believed to be one of the 68 Swayambhu Lingas worshiped in India. The Swayambhu Lingas are believed to be the representations of Lord Shiva. The Linga is supported by 64 Bhootaganas, 32 Lions, and 8 Elephants.

The Madurai Meenakshi Temple is one of the Pancha Sabhai Sthalangal of Lord Nataraja, a form of Lord Shiva. Lord Nataraja is referred to as the form of Lord Shiva when he performs the different forms of Cosmic Dance. These five Sthalas or places represent the different forms of cosmic dance performed by Lord Nataraja.

  • They are symbolized in sculptures depicting the respective postures and made out of precious elements. The sculpture of Lord Nataraja worshiped at the Madurai Meenakshi Temple is called “Velli Ambalam Natarajar” and it is made of “Velli” meaning “Silver”.
  • The uniqueness of this representation is that Lord Nataraja is shown with his right leg raised instead of the usual left leg as represented in the other depictions.
  • The name Meenakshi can be split into “Meen” meaning Fish and “Akshi” meaning Eyes, thus giving the meaning as the “Lady with the Eyes of a Fish”.
  • The other four Temples with such unique sculptures are located in Chidambaram (Gold), Thiruvalangadu (Emerald), Tirunelveli (Copper) and Coutrallam (Art).
  • The Porthamarai Kulam, meaning the “Pond with the Golden Lotus” is the name given to the sacred Madurai Meenakshi Temple Tank. It is also called as Adi Theertham, Shiva Ganga, Utthama Theertham, Gnana Theertham, and Mukthi Theertham.
  • It was believed in ancient times that the worthiness of any new literature can be judged by placing the book on the surface of the tank. The poor quality literature would sink while the scholastic ones would remain afloat.
  • Madurai Meenakshi Temple forms a part of the new top 30 wonders of the World and was a nominee for the “New Seven Wonders of the World”.
  • A huge Ganapathi idol is worshiped just outside the sanctum of Goddess Meenakshi. This idol is supposed to be at least 1500 years ago.
  • As one comes out of the sanctum of Goddess Meenakshi, one must look up to the ceiling to see a recently painted 3-Dimensional image of Lord Shiva’s Linga.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple History

History of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
The beautiful and historical structures of Madurai Meenakshi Temple constructed by King Thirumalai Nayakar.

The present structure of the Madurai Meenakshi Temple Complex was built by the Nayakars of Madurai, especially during the reign of King Thirumalai Nayakar in the 15th century. The original Madurai Meenakshi Temple is believed to have been constructed sometime during the late 6th to an early 7th century by the Pandya King Kulashekhara.

  • This is evident by the works of the Tamil Saint Thirugnanasambandar who has sung praises of the deity and the Madurai Meenakshi Temple in his work that dates back to the seventh century.

In the 14th century, there arose an internal disharmony over the succession to the throne after the downfall of the Pandyas dynasty. Taking advantage of the dispute, Ala-ud-din Khilji of the Delhi Sultanate sent his general Malik Kafur in 1310 to invade Madurai.

When he reached Madurai, he pulled down the Temple towers and destroyed several sculptures and historical records. However, the main shrine of Meenakshi Amman and Sundareshwara were left intact. This incident led to the beginning of the spread of Islam in southern India, especially in Tamil Nadu.

The Madurai Meenakshi Temple was then expanded into its current state under the reign of Thirumalai Nayak during 1623 – 1655.

  • He was responsible for the construction of several mandapams inside the Madurai Meenakshi Temple complex, especially the Vasantha Mandapam and the Kilikoondu Mandapam (Corridor of Parrots).
  • The corridors of the pristine Madurai Meenakshi Temple tank, as well as the Meenakshi Nayakar Mandapam, were built by the famous and brave Rani Mangammal, one of the very few Women rulers of Ancient India.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Legends

Legends of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
The fascinating legends attached with Lord Shiva, Goddess Parvati and Lord Vishnu in Madurai Meenakshi Temple.

According to the legends, the Pandyan King Malayadhwaja, and his queen Kanchanamala were childless and performed “Putra Kameshti Yagna” for a child. Lord Shiva was appeased and requested Goddess Parvati to be born to them. She obliged and arose from the sacrificial fire as a little girl with three breasts.

The king was worried but was assured by the Lord that the third breast will disappear once she meets her match. The girl was named Taadanthagai and was brought up as a princess. At the time of her coronation, she waged war against the three holy kingdoms of Sathyaloka (Brahma’s abode), Vaikunta (Vishnu’s abode) and Amravati (Devas’s abode).

After defeating them all, when she reached Kailash to defeat Lord Shiva, she stopped as she realized that Lord Shiva was her divine companion. Her third breast disappeared at the spot. She realized that she was the avatar of Goddess Parvati. It was decided that they will marry and rule the city of Madurai together.

On the day of the marriage, Lord Shiva came to the wedding ceremony without anyone accompanying him except a dwarf named Gundodara. Meenakshi was surprised and haughtily remarked that all the wedding arrangements will be wasted as there were not many attendees on behalf of the bridegroom.

Lord Shiva challenged them to fulfill the needs of the dwarf. The king fed the dwarf everything from the wedding kitchen as well as every dish prepared in the city that day, but the dwarf could not be satisfied. When there was nothing else left to eat, he demanded water to quench his thirst. The city’s water supply was exhausted.

  • Goddess Annapoorneshwari recommended that only Ganga would satisfy his thirst. Lord Shiva summoned River Ganga to flow and directed the river to flow through the city. The river was eventually named as Vaigai.

The marriage was a divine occurrence and was attended by all the Gods and the Goddesses. Lord Vishnu was supposed to attend the event but was delayed by Indra. Angered, he left to Alagar Kovil but was eventually convinced by Lord Shiva. The event is described as Alagar Thiruvila and is still celebrated.

  • After the marriage, both Lord Shiva and Goddess Meenakshi ruled Madurai for a period of time before returning to Kailash.

As per another legend, a Lotus-shaped city was built by the Pandyan King Kulasekhara around the Shiva Linga (Sundareshwara) worshiped by Lord Indra. It is believed that Lord Shiva was impressed by his devotion and blessed him.

  • During the blessing, nectar dripped from his locks of hair and fell on the Earth. As a result, the city came to be known as Madhurapuri, Madhu meaning Honey. With the passage of time, the name became Madurai.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Architecture

Architecture of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
Madurai Meenakshi Temple is the best example of Dravidian Styled Architecture in India.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple is one of the epitomes of the Dravidian style of architecture. Madurai Meenakshi Temple is considered as the city center of the 2500-year-old ancient city. Ancient records show that the Madurai Meenakshi Temple was the center of the city from which the streets arose and spread in all directions. 

  • The Madurai Meenakshi Temple has been glorified in the revered Tevaram, a 7th-century work by the three Saivite Nayanars, Appar, Sundarar, and Thirugnanasambandar.

A unique fact that can be observed about the placement of shrines is that the shrine of Lord Sundareshwara is exactly one-fourth of the total area of the Madurai Meenakshi Temple. The shrine of Goddess Meenakshi is exactly one-fourth of the area of Lord Sundareshwara’s shrine. This might indicate that in the earlier times, Lord Shiva was given ritualistic importance over Goddess Meenakshi.

Madurai Meenakshi Temple Temple has four main entrances, one in each cardinal direction. The four Gopurams of each of the main entrances are intricately carved depiction sculptures of several Gods and Goddesses, holy animals and even demons.

  • The tallest Gopuram among them is the South Tower (built-in 1559)at a height of 170 feet (52 m).
  • The oldest among them is the East tower built-in 1238. The shrines of Goddess Meenakshi and Lord Sundareshwara are covered on top by a golden Vimanam or a Shikhara.
  • The ceilings of the inner corridors are colorfully painted and provide a beautiful visual experience. It is estimated that around 33,000 exquisite sculptures are found in the Madurai Meenakshi Temple complex.
  • Goddess Meenakshi can be distinctly identified because she is always represented as a graceful lady wearing a green saree holding a Parrot in her right hand.

Festivals celebrated at Madurai Meenakshi Temple

Festivals of Madurai Meenakshi Temple
The colorful and various festivals celebrated in Madurai Meenakshi Temple.

Chitthirai Brahmotsavam or Arulmigu Thirukalyanam – The grand festival of the wedding between Lord Sundareshwara and Goddess Meenakshi is celebrated for a period of 12 days in the month of Chitthirai (April).

  • The festival begins with the flag hoisting on the Dhwajasthamba as an invitation to all the Gods and Goddesses to attend the celebrations.
  • The Pattabhishekam (Coronation) of Goddess Meenakshi takes place on the 8th day of the festival.
  • The Dikvijayam procession begins on the 9th day signifying the victories of the Goddess until she reached Kailash.
  • The tenth day is celebrated as the Meenakshi Thirukalyanam. Thousands of pilgrims gather at the temple premises to witness the divine moment.
  • The Ther or the Rath Yatra of the deities begins on the next day. The gigantic and decorated chariots are pulled by thousands of ardent devotees and taken around the streets of the temple.
  • Lord Alagar is also worshiped on the banks of the Vaigai river where he halted to bestow gifts to the deities.

Aavani festival – The important festival is celebrated for 18 days during the month of Aavani (August). This marks the event of the coronation of Lord Sundareshwara as the King of Madurai.

  • The first six days of the festival are dedicated to Lord Chandrashekhar.
  • The coronation takes place on the seventh day.
  • The ritual of Tirupparakundram Subramanya and Thiruvadhavur Manickavasaka Perumal bidding farewell takes place on a ninth day.

Navarathri – The festival dedicated to Goddess Amman is celebrated in a grand manner for ten days. The idol of the Amman deity is decorated in a different manner on all the nine days and her blessings are sought by thousands of pilgrims.

  • The “Kolu” is arranged in the “Kolu Mandapam”. Kolu is the unique way of celebrating Navarathri, especially in Tamil Nadu in which several idols of the Gods, Goddesses, and their creations are kept in several steps and worshiped.
  • Kalpa Pooja and Laksharchana are performed for the Goddess every day. The Madurai Meenakshi Temple premises are lit with lamps throughout. Several cultural festivals are held in the temple premises.

Teppotsavam – The float festival is annually held in the city during the Tamil month of “Thai” which happens in January. The idols of Goddess Meenakshi and Lord Sundareshwara are taken around in a grand procession in the waters of the famous Vandiyur Mariamman Teppakulam.

  • On this special day, the idols are taken to the banks of the Teppakulam and kept on the Mandap near its banks. The devotee’s queue in miles to have a darshan.
  • The idols are then kept on a raft and pulled by hundreds of men and women, who pull the raft amidst cheers to the deities.
  • The Gopurams of the temples are lit up in the evening followed by the fireworks display which marks the end of the day’s proceedings.
  • The idols of the deities are then taken back to the Madurai Meenakshi Temple with great enthusiasm.

Some of the other major festivals celebrated at the Madurai Meenakshi Temple are the Maasi Mandala festival in February, Kanda Shashti in November, Deepavali, Oonjal festival, Aadi Moolaikottu festival, Vasanthotsavam, Arudhra Darshanam, Thiruvenbavai, and Thiruppavai festival.

How to reach Madurai Meenakshi Temple

  • By Air – The nearest airport is the Madurai International Airport. The city is well serviced by flights connecting major cities like Chennai, New Delhi, Mumbai, Tiruchirapalli, Coimbatore, and Bengaluru. The airport also connects flights internationally to cities like Dubai, Singapore, and Colombo.
  • By Train – The Madurai Junction is well connected to several important cities in India like Chennai, Trivandrum, Cochin, New Delhi, Mumbai, Patna, Kolkata, Bhopal, Bengaluru, Goa and many more. Several trains connect Madurai internally to other major towns like Tiruchi, Kanyakumari, Nagercoil, Tuticorin, Karaikudi, Rameswaram, Tirunelveli, Tanjore and Coimbatore.
  • By Road – The city is well connected to all major cities in Tamil Nadu as well as the neighboring states. Several private bus operators also operate regular buses to the holy city until late midnight. The roads are clean and well-constructed.
Map of Madurai Meenakshi Temple Complex
The detailed Map of Madurai Meenakshi Temple Complex.

Where to stay in Madurai

  • The city provides a large number of options for stay ranging from five-star accommodation to low-cost lodges and hotels.
  • The Germanus Hotel, Supreme Hotel, and the Meenakshi Inn are some of the hotels preferred by the visiting tourists.

Where to eat in Madurai

The city of Madurai is called “Thoonganagaram” meaning “the City that never sleeps”. It is a fact that the city offers unparalleled culinary delights to everyone who visits the city throughout the day and the night.

  • Some of the must-tries among the food items are the roadside Kotthu Parathas, Jigarthanda drink, Badam Halwa, Curry Dosa, Idly, and Biryani.
  • Some of the popular hotels that one must visit according to the locals are Amma Mess, Muniyandi Vilas, Simmakal Konar Kadai, and Murugan Idly Kadai.

Temples near Madurai Meenakshi-

Temples near Madurai Meenakshi Temple
Various more important Temples near Madurai Meenakshi Temple.
  • Thirupparakunram Murugan Temple – It is considered as the first among the six abodes of Lord Murugan, also known as Lord Karthikeya. The Temple Complex consists of several rock-cut caves that house the deities, Lord Karthikeya, Lord Vishnu. Lord Shiva, Goddess Durga, and Lord Vinayaka.
  • Pazhamudircholai Murugan Temple – The sacred shrine dedicated to Lord Murugan is located 25 km away from Madurai city. This Temple is one of the holy six abodes of Lord Murugan. The main shrine is located beside a stream called “Nupura Gangai”. Several popular local legends are associated with the Temple.
  • Alagar Kovil – The sacred temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu is located just 20 km away from the Madurai city. The temple is one of the 108 Divya Desams of Lord Vishnu mentioned in the Divya Prabandha, a work by the Azhwar Saints in the 6th to 9th centuries.
  • Vandiyur Mariamman Temple – This unique but mesmerizing temple is situated about 3 km away from the Meenakshi Amman Temple. The Temple is dedicated to Goddess Mariamman and Goddess Durga who merge together into a single form and worshiped here as Goddess Ambika – Durga or popularly as Durga-Mariamman.
  • Yoga Narasimha Perumal Temple – The Temple has located 8 km from the city of Madurai in Otthakadai. The village of Narasingam is home to the ancient temple situated at the foot of the Yanaimalai hills. The Temple is more than 1300 years old as the date of construction around the main deity is believed to be 770 AD.
  • Thirumohoor Chakrathalvar Temple – This legendary temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu is 12 km away from Madurai city towards Melur. This Temple is one of the 108 Divya Desams that is glorified in the Divya Prabandha composed by the Tamil Saints Alwars from the 6th to the 8th century. The deity is worshiped as Neelamegha Perumal and Lakshmi as Tirukannapura Nayaki.

Other famous temples in Tamil Nadu are:

  • Nagercoil Nagaraja Temple: Situated nearby Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu, this Hindu temple is famous for its worshipping of the King of Serpents or Nagaraja – Vasuki. Also, Nagercoil town derives its name from this very temple. This temple also has a huge number of naga statues from all over India.
  • Thirunageswaram Temple: Sri Naganathaswamy Temple or Rahu Sthalam in Tamil Nadu is one of the 9 Navagraha Temples and is dedicated to Rahu. The presiding deity is Lord Naganathaswamy. The shrine is adjacent to Naganathaswamy’s shrine and GiriGujambika with Lakshmi and Saraswathy by her side has a separate temple.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where can we store our personal belongings in Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

You can safely store your camera and other belongings inside a locker at the stall that minds shoes at the east entrance to the temple. 

What are the other highlights for tourists for sightseeing in Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

There’s a set of musical pillars and Art museums that are worth seeing as well. Tickets cost 50 rupees for foreigners and 5 rupees for Indians.

What is the cost of the “special darshan” tickets in the Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

These tickets provide direct access to the idols and can be purchased inside the temple. They cost 50 rupees solely for Goddess Meenakshi, and 100 rupees for both deities.

What are the main attractions of Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

The main attraction of the temple is its golden lotus pond, long corridors inside the temple and gopurams, temple museum and the thousand pillar hall.

When is the best season to visit Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

The best season for tourists to visit Madurai Meenakshi temple starts from May to July.

What is the language preferred by the locals in Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

The most preferred language is Tamil and English.

What is the altitude of the Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

Madurai Meenakshi temple is located at an altitude of 141m.

Is the guide facility available in Madurai Meenakshi Temple?

Since Madurai Meenakshi temple is spread over 16 acres, you can hire a guide if you have an architectural inclination, but beware of ‘guides’ who try to lure you into nearby shops. 

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